Decoding Groningen History

Groningen history presents a fascinating account of various regimes that ruled Netherlands along with influencing its cultural landscape.

Early Groningen History

The Saxons were among the earliest rulers of Netherlands. Records indicate their presence between the 4th and 7th century A.D.  Their authority was often challenged by the surrounding tribes, and the Franks took control of Groningen in 777 A.D.  The Franks were overpowered by the expanding German Empire during the middle of the 9th century. This is when Groningen first rose to prominence as a part of King Lotharius’ regime. Some of the most authentic documents detailing Groningen’s history date back to 11th century. This is when Groningen started progressing as a commercial and cultural center. The town is bordered by two rivers, Hunze and River Aa. These waterways became the main reason for the city’s commercial significance.

Middle Ages

Some of the city’s landmarks were built during this period, including St. Martin's Church and the Bell Tower. The original inhabitants of the city came to known as Stadjers, and they were reputed for their economic prowess. During the 14th and 15th centuries, Groningen established itself as a leading mercantile destination and was voted to be a part of the Hanseatic League. This established it on the world map of textile trading.

Evolution of Groningen as a City

Groningen witnessed some bloody battles between 1560 and 1648 when the War of Independence was waged in Netherlands. Even during this period, Groningen did not have definite boundaries. The word "Groningen" was often used to refer to the present-day city and many villages that surrounded it. In 1614, the University of Groningen was established, and this was largely responsible for giving Groningen its true unique identity.